ABSTRACT
During this COVID-19 outbreak, diagnostic tests were crucial in controlling its spread. This pandemic, which was caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has created an urgent need for rapid diagnostic testing to enable efficient treatment and control of COVID-19. Many institutes and companies are trying to develop effective methods for detecting COVID-19. The essential indicative instrument presently utilized is reverse transcription-polymerase chain response (RT-PCR), which can have great affectability. Tragically, execution costs, time is taken, and false-negative results have limited the use of RT-PCR. Lateral flow assays (LFAs) are a type of diagnostic test that is clinically sensitive enough, might bridge various inadequacies in the present RT-PCR system, especially in low-and middle-income countries. In basic hospitals and laboratories, AuNP-LFA is a viable technique for diagnosing COVID-19, especially in emergency settings where a large number of samples must be examined quickly. This review summarizes the different diagnostic approaches for detecting the SARS-COV-2. This review thus provides guidelines for the scientists and technicians engaged in detecting SARS-COV-2. An accurate and sensitive detection system would enormously benefit in controlling this pandemic. © 2022 by the authors.
ABSTRACT
To stop the spread of COVID-19 in this outbreak, diagnostic testing is essential. Quick diagnostic tests must be employed in this pandemic, which is brought on by the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV-2 virus, to successfully treat and manage COVID-19. There are several problems with the present RT-PCR system that the lateral flow assay (LFA), a kind of clinically sensitive diagnostic test, may be able to fix, especially in low-and middle-income nations. Gold nanoparticle-(AuNP-LFA) is a practical method for detecting COVID-19 in basic hospitals and laboratories, particularly in emergency situations where many samples must be quickly examined. Safe, accurate, and non-toxic diagnostic tests must be employed during the pandemic, to successfully treat and manage COVID-19. Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid monoclonal antibody was employed to detect COVID-19 antigens in the presence of patients to establish a fast LFA for COVID-19. Synthesis of colloidal gold particles and antibody colloidal gold conjugates was evaluated by using UV/Vis spectroscopy. A capture line made of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody was coated on nitrocellulose membrane. To create the control line, goat anti-mouse IgG monoclonal antibody was coated. On a polystyrene backing board, the immunochromatographic strip was constructed in the ideal order. Using ELISA as the standard procedure, the strips' sensitivity and specificity were assessed. The results' stability and repeatability were evaluated over a 9-month period. Colloidal gold nanoparticle-based LFAs created in this study can be employed for quicker and more accurate detection of SARS-CoV-2. © 2023 Singh, et al.